Brass plate Franz Hagenauer ca. 1927
Multifigured brass plate, Franz Hagenauer, Werkstatte Hagenauer Vienna, circa 1927, brass openworked
Bib.: comp. plate mod.no 1520, sales catalogue Werkstatte Hagenauer 1928 (unchanged reprint 1999), p. 26; documented photograph in the Hagenauer Archive at Museum of Applied Arts Vienna, inv. no. HAF 202
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Description
The brass plate in openwork technique goes back to an early design by Franz Hagenauer from 1927. Around the central base, designed like a window rosette, there are many figural representations. Figures dressed in antique robes and with blessing gestures partly allow associations with biblical stories, partly they allow associations with Christian saints, such as the cloak-bearing rider on horseback reminding of Saint Martin. Geometric and floral elements as well as stylized animal figures ornamentally connect the many episodes.
The almost naive way in which apparently religious and profane motifs are mixed on this plate eminently faszinates, for example in the juxtaposition of figures giving blessings and courtly riders.
Similar depictions can be found on chased reliefs that Franz Hagenauer created together with other students of Franz Hanak for a “cult room” at the Paris World’s Fair in 1925. There, too, one finds secular scenes* juxtaposed with sacred-looking episodes.
This bowl is an eloquent testimony to Franz Hagenauer’s early desire to become a sculptor and the development along the way.
*cf. Olga Kronsteiner in Monika Wenzl-Bachmeier (ed.), Hagenauer. Wiener Moderne und Neue Sachlichkeit, exhibition catalog Wagner:Werk Postsparkasse, Vienna 2011, pp. 46-47.
Artist
Franz Hagenauer (Vienna 1906 – 1986 Salzburg) was an Austrian sculptor and designer who, together with his brother Karl, ran the Werstatte Hagenauer Wien. With his avant-garde metal sculptures he wrote Austrian design history.
As the son of the master girdler Carl Hagenauer (1872-1928), Franz Hagenauer had the opportunity to learn the artisan side of metalworking in his father's business from an early age.
Artistically inclined, he received his education at the Vienna School of Arts and Crafts from 1920, first with Franz Cizek (ornamental form theory), then with Anton Hanak (sculpture) and for a time also with Josef Hoffmann (workshop for girdling and metalwork).
After completing his education in 1925 and several study visits to Paris, Rome and Berlin, he joined his father's metal workshop, where he officially began an apprenticeship as a girdler in 1928.
Until the death of his older brother Karl in 1956, the two brothers worked together in their parents' business. Franz then took over the management in 1956 and continued to run the workshop until his death in 1986.
Franz Hagenauer's youth and training period in the 1920s coincided with a time of cultural upheaval, when the various art movements of modernism were emerging, such as Art Deco, New Realism, and Bauhaus. Consequently, his early, sculptural works are also influenced by Futurism.
In his early phase until the end of the 1930s, Franz Hagenauer, in keeping with his artistic vision, worked primarily as a sculptor, producing highly stylized head sculptures, busts, and semi-plastic objects in chased metal.
The sculptures, some of which are masterfully chased from a single sheet of brass, embody the search for a modern, highly abstracted form language and are often reduced to basic geometric forms. With these high-quality one-offs, Franz Hagenauer laid the foundation for his artistic vocabulary of forms, which he would use until his late years.
During the decades of its existence and due to the corresponding economic conditions, the Hagenauer workshop at times produced more simple but nevertheless high-quality utility or decorative objects made of metal or wood. The authorship of many of these designs can no longer be attributed to either Karl or Franz Hagenauer specifically.
"It is certain... that throughout his life, Franz Hagenauer found his artistic fulfillment not in the design of utility or decorative objects, (...) but in his sculptural activity."*.
From 1962 to 1976, Franz Hagenauer taught at the University of Applied Arts. Through his teaching activities and in exchange with the students, he received new creative impulses for his own work. This period also saw the development from three-dimensional objects to once again reduced, flatter, two-dimensional art objects, such as mask-like wall sculptures.
From the late 1960s onwards, works from the Hagenauer workshop experience increased demand in the United States. During this period, early models by Franz Hagenauer are produced again, partly in modified form, and exported directly to America.
In any case, the name Franz Hagenauer is inextricably linked with the Werkstatte Hagenauer and stands for modern, timeless Austrian design.
*Olga Kronsteiner, Monika Wenzl-Bachmeier (ed.), Hagenauer – Viennese Modernism and New Realism, exhibition catalogue Wagner:Werk Postsparkasse, Vienna 2011, p. 48
Execution
Werkstätte Hagenauer – stylistic evolution and importance
Today, the Werkstatte Hagenauer is rightfully among the most important Austrian Arts & Crafts manufacturers of the 20th century. The clear, strict formal language combined with dynamic poses and the usage of brass, nickel-plated, patinated or bare, along with copper, alpaca and exotic wood shows a high level of recognition.
However, it took the siblings Karl and Franz Hagenauer quite some time until they developed their own unique style. Karl and Franz both attended the Vienna School of Arts & Crafts and studied under Josef Hoffmann, Oskar Strnad, Anton Hanak and Dagobert Peche.
Until the closure of the Werkstatte Hagenauer on December 30, 1987, art objects of outstanding quality were still being produced. The siblings Karl and Franz Hagenauer strongly contributed in coining the term „design“ through their legacy and are surely among the most influential Austrian artists of the 20th century.
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