Two profile heads Franz Hagenauer Werkstatte Hagenauer ca. 1970
Pair of profile heads, Franz Hagenauer, Werkstatte Hagenauer Vienna, circa 1970, brass nickel-plated, marked
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Description
Among Franz Hagenauer’s best-known works are his striking head sculptures. These sculptures were a recurring subject from the mid-1920s until the end of 1986 and accompanied him through all his artistic phases. He always remained true to his very personal style, which made him appear unparalleled among many of his contemporaries.
While working as a professor of design at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna, the new impulses of his teaching activity also inspired his artistic work. Where his figurative representations were previously almost exclusively fully plastic, Franz Hagenauer started making designs for near two-dimensional heads in the late 1960s. These were also made with a new technique. The foundation is a nickel-plated brass plate onto which pipes, and other metal parts are soldered. Through the sparing use of only a few elements, profile heads with a markedly intense expression were created.
At first glance, our two formally similar heads appear identical. However, Franz Hagenauer varies the base model with slightly different, stylized attributes and unmistakably creates a woman’s and a man’s head. You can distinguish the lady by her arched eyebrows and her softer, shaped chin area.
His brows, on the other hand, are drawn straight and his chin is strikingly angular in shape.
Franz Hagenauer, again, demonstrates with these spectacular profile heads, his mastery of reduction and stylized design.
Artist
Franz Hagenauer (Vienna 1906 – 1986 Salzburg) was an Austrian sculptor and designer who, together with his brother Karl, ran the Werstatte Hagenauer Wien. With his avant-garde metal sculptures he wrote Austrian design history.
As the son of the master girdler Carl Hagenauer (1872-1928), Franz Hagenauer had the opportunity to learn the artisan side of metalworking in his father's business from an early age.
Artistically inclined, he received his education at the Vienna School of Arts and Crafts from 1920, first with Franz Cizek (ornamental form theory), then with Anton Hanak (sculpture) and for a time also with Josef Hoffmann (workshop for girdling and metalwork).
After completing his education in 1925 and several study visits to Paris, Rome and Berlin, he joined his father's metal workshop, where he officially began an apprenticeship as a girdler in 1928.
Until the death of his older brother Karl in 1956, the two brothers worked together in their parents' business. Franz then took over the management in 1956 and continued to run the workshop until his death in 1986.
Franz Hagenauer's youth and training period in the 1920s coincided with a time of cultural upheaval, when the various art movements of modernism were emerging, such as Art Deco, New Realism, and Bauhaus. Consequently, his early, sculptural works are also influenced by Futurism.
In his early phase until the end of the 1930s, Franz Hagenauer, in keeping with his artistic vision, worked primarily as a sculptor, producing highly stylized head sculptures, busts, and semi-plastic objects in chased metal.
The sculptures, some of which are masterfully chased from a single sheet of brass, embody the search for a modern, highly abstracted form language and are often reduced to basic geometric forms. With these high-quality one-offs, Franz Hagenauer laid the foundation for his artistic vocabulary of forms, which he would use until his late years.
During the decades of its existence and due to the corresponding economic conditions, the Hagenauer workshop at times produced more simple but nevertheless high-quality utility or decorative objects made of metal or wood. The authorship of many of these designs can no longer be attributed to either Karl or Franz Hagenauer specifically.
"It is certain... that throughout his life, Franz Hagenauer found his artistic fulfillment not in the design of utility or decorative objects, (...) but in his sculptural activity."*.
From 1962 to 1976, Franz Hagenauer taught at the University of Applied Arts. Through his teaching activities and in exchange with the students, he received new creative impulses for his own work. This period also saw the development from three-dimensional objects to once again reduced, flatter, two-dimensional art objects, such as mask-like wall sculptures.
From the late 1960s onwards, works from the Hagenauer workshop experience increased demand in the United States. During this period, early models by Franz Hagenauer are produced again, partly in modified form, and exported directly to America.
In any case, the name Franz Hagenauer is inextricably linked with the Werkstatte Hagenauer and stands for modern, timeless Austrian design.
*Olga Kronsteiner, Monika Wenzl-Bachmeier (ed.), Hagenauer – Viennese Modernism and New Realism, exhibition catalogue Wagner:Werk Postsparkasse, Vienna 2011, p. 48
Execution
Werkstätte Hagenauer – stylistic evolution and importance
Today, the Werkstatte Hagenauer is rightfully among the most important Austrian Arts & Crafts manufacturers of the 20th century. The clear, strict formal language combined with dynamic poses and the usage of brass, nickel-plated, patinated or bare, along with copper, alpaca and exotic wood shows a high level of recognition.
However, it took the siblings Karl and Franz Hagenauer quite some time until they developed their own unique style. Karl and Franz both attended the Vienna School of Arts & Crafts and studied under Josef Hoffmann, Oskar Strnad, Anton Hanak and Dagobert Peche.
Until the closure of the Werkstatte Hagenauer on December 30, 1987, art objects of outstanding quality were still being produced. The siblings Karl and Franz Hagenauer strongly contributed in coining the term „design“ through their legacy and are surely among the most influential Austrian artists of the 20th century.
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